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Afghanistan-Pakistan
Pakistan Declares ‘Open War’
Pakistan has declared an “open war” against Afghanistan as intense bombardment broke out along the border between the two countries. This escalation of offensive operations comes after months of tension between Pakistani and Afghan leaders. Pakistan says Afghanistan’s Taliban government’s harboring of terrorist groups and alliance with India (with which Pakistan has a highly volatile relationship) are acts of continued aggression towards Pakistan. On Thursday, Pakistan carried out a series of deadly strikes in southern Afghanistan, including in the country’s capital, Kabul. Afghanistan retaliated with strikes on Pakistani military targets along the border on Friday. The fighting, which involved the shooting of mortar shells and rockets from both sides of the border, has caused many local communities to flee their homes in fear of continued violence.
This map depicts the sites of Pakistan’s strikes against military targets in Afghanistan. Click on the map to learn more.
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Graphic Source: Al Jazeera
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Israel
Modi Affirms Indian Support
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi concluded a two-day visit to Israel yesterday, after giving an address to the Knesset on Wednesday pledging ongoing Indian support against terrorism. During Modi’s visit, the two governments signed 16 bilateral memorandums of understanding (MOUs) on matters of cooperation in agriculture and technology. Modi also urged renewed efforts to further advance the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) and the I2U2 partnership. The IMEC is an infrastructure project to enhance rail and sea routes for trade between India and Europe through Israel and other Middle East regional partners. The I2U2, also known as the “West Asian Quad” or “Middle Eastern Quad” is a group consisting of India, Israel, the United Arab Emirates, and United States intended to devise projects and foster cooperation on a wide range of shared interests.
This map depicts the intended sea and rail routes planned as part of the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) infrastructure project to enhance trade between India, Europe, and partner nations in the Middle East. Click on the map to learn more.
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Graphic Source: Al Jazeera
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World
Warming Shrinks Fish Population
According to a new study in Nature Ecology & Evolution, rising ocean temperatures are causing a major drop in fish numbers in the Northern Hemisphere. Researchers found that extreme marine heat waves can sometimes mask this trend by shifting fish biomass to cooler waters, causing temporary population increases in certain areas. Overall, the study identifies chronic ocean warming as the dominant stressor for marine life. Drawing on an unprecedented dataset of 702,037 biomass change estimates from 33,990 fish populations recorded between 1993 and 2021, the team examined trends across the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic and the Northeastern Pacific. The scale of the analysis provides critical insight to develop strategies for fisheries management and marine conservation at a time when global food security is under growing pressure.
This map depicts fish biomass in major Northern Hemisphere basins as well as climatic shifts. Click on the map to learn more.
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Q: Known for its lush forests and mountainous regions, which country is the only country in the Middle East to not have a desert?
A: Lebanon
Located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, Lebanon enjoys a subtropical Mediterranean climate, with hot and dry summers, and cooler, humid winters. The country has zero deserts, unlike its neighbors, and is mostly mountainous, with ranges spanning almost the entire country’s length. The name Lebanon comes from the Arabic name for Mount Lebanon, “Jabal Lubnān” meaning “the white mountain” in reference to its snow-covered peaks. Lebanon was heavily forested in ancient and medieval times, and its timber—particularly its famed cedar—was exported for building and shipbuilding. Today it is covered with Mediterranean vegetation of brush and low trees, mostly oaks, pines, cypresses, firs, junipers, and carobs.
Source
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Q: Glaciers require very specific climatic conditions for their survival. Which continent is the only continent where glaciers are nonexistent?
Stay tuned for the answer to today’s question in Monday’s DailyGeo.
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